He is commonly identified with the Greek Hermes, the fleet-footed messenger of the gods. Omissions? During the Mercuralia, merchants sprinkled water from his sacred well near the Porta Capena on their heads. Arion appears in Rick Riordan's fantasy novel The Son of Neptune, in which he is mastered by the Roman demigod Hazel Levesque, daughter of Pluto (Hades in Greek Mythology).Hazel encounters a caged Arion in the headquarters of the Amazons in Seattle, and successfully manages to both feed and then ride him.He subsequently appears in the remaining installments of the Heroes of Olympus series. The scholiasts of the Iliad (XXIII, 347) and of Lycophron (153) attribute to him the same origin. He was considered the son of Maia, who was a daughter of the Titan Atlas, and Jupiter in Roman mythology. Mercury is sometimes represented as holding a purse, symbolic of his business functions. She was the child of Pallas (Titan) and Styx In most beliefs, Styx is the name of the river that separates Planet Earth from the Gates of Hell (Hades). [5] He was also, like Hermes, the Romans' psychopomp, leading newly deceased souls to the afterlife. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mercury-Roman-god, Hermes - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Mercury - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The earliest literary mention of Arion is in Homer's Iliad (Book XXIII, ln. Updates? Rather, he subsumed the earlier Dei Lucrii as Roman religion was syncretized with Greek religion during the time of the Roman Republic, starting around the 4th century BC. He was often accompanied by a rooster, herald of the new day,[4] a ram or goat, symbolizing fertility, and a tortoise, referring to Mercury's legendary invention of the lyre from a tortoise shell. Mercury, in particular, was reported as becoming extremely popular among the nations the Roman Empire conquered; Julius Caesar wrote of Mercury being the most popular god in Britain and Gaul, regarded as the inventor of all the arts. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. [citation needed]. For other uses, see, Ancient Roman god of trade, merchants, and travel, God of financial gain, commerce, eloquence, messages, communication, travelers, boundaries, luck, trickery, merchants, thieves, Glossary to Ovid's Fasti, Penguin edition, by Boyle and Woodard at 343, Beard, Pompeii: The Life of a Roman Town at 295–298, Marvel Visionaries, Jack Kirby, Marvel Comics, 2004, http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/turms_(Enciclopedia-dell%27-Arte-Antica)/, "Review of "Rome and Carthage at Peace" by R.E.A.Palmer", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mercury_(mythology)&oldid=986460847, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2013, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TePapa identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 November 2020, at 00:38.

In support of the lineage they advance, Pausanias reports, the Arcadians cite some verses from the Iliad (23.346 quoted above) and the Thebaid (an early Greek epic of uncertain authorship, of which only fragments remain). He is commonly identified with the Greek Hermes, the fleet-footed messenger of the gods. The name "Mercury" is possibly related to the Latin word merx ("merchandise"; cf. Additionally, Ovid wrote that Mercury carried Morpheus' dreams from the valley of Somnus to sleeping humans. Mercury (/ˈmɜːrkjʊri/; Latin: Mercurius [mɛrˈkʊrɪ.ʊs] (listen)) is a major god in Roman religion and mythology, being one of the 12 Dii Consentes within the ancient Roman pantheon. He was worshipped by the humans of Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. Mercury, in Roman religion, god of shopkeepers and merchants, travelers and transporters of goods, and thieves and tricksters. [8], When they described the gods of Celtic and Germanic tribes, rather than considering them separate deities, the Romans interpreted them as local manifestations or aspects of their own gods, a cultural trait called the interpretatio Romana. According to Quintus Smyrnaeus, Arion was begotten by loud-piping Zephyrus on a harpy (probably Podarge).[4]. Mercury did not appear among the numinous di indigetes of early Roman religion. Artists, like followers of Roman religion themselves, freely borrowed the attributes of Hermes and portrayed Mercury also wearing winged sandals or a winged cap and carrying a caduceus (staff). [16], The dedication occurred on 15 May, 495 BC. Also known as Winged Goddess, Nike is most often pictured as having wings. Corrections? The senate and the consuls, in particular the conservative Appius, were outraged at this decision, and it inflamed the ongoing situation. Similar to his Greek equivalent Hermes, he was awarded a magic wand by Apollo, which later turned into the caduceus, the staff with intertwined snakes. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Thereafter, Heracles gave Arion to Adrastus; this is why Antimachus said of Arion: "Adrastus was the third lord who tamed him.

Legba was a West African god of travelers and messengers. Pausanias says that "in the Thebaid it is said that Adrastus fled from Thebes: 'Wearing wretched clothes, and with him dark-maned Areion' ". 6, sect. [citation needed] In his earliest forms, he appears to have been related to the Etruscan deity Turms; both gods share characteristics with the Greek god Hermes. Since it stood between the plebeian stronghold on the Aventine and the patrician center on the Palatine, it also emphasized the role of Mercury as a mediator. On the subject of Arion, Homer said in the Iliad:[5]. Announcing our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. merchant, commerce, etc.

[19], {subject bar |commons=y |commons-search= Mercurius (deus) |q=y |portal1=Mythology |portal2=Ancient Rome }}, "Alipes" redirects here. Nike is the Greek god of speed (Hermes was that of messengers, roads, trickery, etc not technically speed). He is often depicted holding the caduceus in his left hand. In the Epic Cycle Arion was mounted most notably by Adrastus, king of Argos.

Because Mercury was not one of the early deities surviving from the Roman Kingdom, he was not assigned a flamen ("priest"), but he did have his own major festival, on 15 May, the Mercuralia. Mercury, however, falls in love with Larunda and makes love to her on the way. For the racehorse, see, "Mercurius" redirects here. [6], Archeological evidence from Pompeii suggests that Mercury was among the most popular of Roman gods. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture, Online version at the Perseus Digital Library, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arion_(mythology)&oldid=987043840, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with trivia sections from March 2017, Commons category link is defined as the pagename, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 November 2020, at 15:07. [citation needed]. In Ovid's Fasti, Mercury is assigned to escort the nymph Larunda to the underworld. 8) recounts that in the defeat of the Argives, the same battle in which Eteocles and Polynices slew each other, Adrastus alone among the Argive leaders survived, saved by his horse Arion that Demeter, in the likeness of a Fury, had conceived by Poseidon. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Mercury was also considered a god of abundance and commercial success, particularly in Gaul, where he was said to have been particularly revered. Mercury (/ ˈ m ɜːr k j ʊr i /; Latin: Mercurius [mɛrˈkʊrɪ.ʊs] ()) is a major god in Roman religion and mythology, being one of the 12 Dii Consentes within the ancient Roman pantheon.He is the god of financial gain, commerce, eloquence, messages, communication (including divination), travelers, boundaries, luck, trickery and thieves; he also serves as the guide of souls to the underworld. [15], That year saw disturbances at Rome between the patrician senators and the plebeians, which led to a secession of the plebs in the following year. The people, because of the ongoing public discord, and in order to spite the senate and the consuls, instead awarded the honour of dedicating the temple to the senior military officer of one of the legions named Marcus Laetorius. He is the god of financial gain, commerce, eloquence, messages, communication (including divination), travelers, boundaries, luck, trickery and thieves; he also serves as the guide of souls to the underworld.[1][2].

He was the patron of travelers and the god of thievery as well. For other uses, see. Mercury is known to the Romans as Mercurius and occasionally in earlier writings as Merqurius, Mirqurios or Mircurios, had a number of epithets representing different aspects or roles, or representing syncretisms with non-Roman deities. ), mercari (to trade), and merces (wages); another possible connection is the Proto-Indo-European root merĝ- for "boundary, border" (cf. [6], Romans associated Mercury with the Germanic god Wotan, by interpretatio Romana; 1st-century Roman writer Tacitus identifies him as the chief god of the Germanic peoples.[10]. [18], The United States' so-called Mercury dime, issued from 1916 to 1945, actually features a Winged Liberty and not the god Mercury, but is so named because of a misinterpretation of the goddess's Phrygian cap as wings. Hermes is a member of the Olympians a group of humanoid beings that hail from the pocket dimension; Olympus. The most common and significant of these epithets included the following: In Virgil's Aeneid, Mercury reminds Aeneas of his mission to found the city of Rome.

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